A Clinicopathological Study of Cutaneous Malignancies from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Central Punjab, Pakistan
Keywords:
Basal Cell Carcinoma, Clinicopathological spectrum, Cutaneous Malignancies, Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Keratinocyte Carcinomas, Non Melanoma Skin Cancers, Cutaneous MelanomaAbstract
Background: Cutaneous malignancies, the most common malignancies in the Caucasian population, affect millions worldwide. Objective: To know the frequency and clinicopathological spectrum of different cutaneous malignancies presenting at a Tertiary care hospital in Kharian, Pakistan. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted at Dermatohistopathology Department of a tertiary care hospital in Kharian, Central Punjab, Pakistan, from December 2018 to November 2021 for a duration of three years. The sample was collected from the biopsy specimens with clinical diagnosis indicating tumours of the skin and subcutaneous tissue. Patient information was gathered from the clinical details submitted by the clinicians. Site of tumour, type of biopsy performed and the specialty of the clinician submitting the specimen was recorded. The specimens were examined by a team comprising a dermatologist and a histopathologist. The malignancies were grouped into Keratinocyte carcinoma which included Basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, Keratoacanthoma, Malignant Melanoma and other rare malignancies. The data collected was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23. Results: Out of 122 specimens included in the study 72 (59.0%) belonged to male patients and 50 (41.0%) to female patients. 50% of Cutaneous malignancies were seen in sixth and seventh decade of life. Face was the most common body site affected. Keratinocyte carcinomas were the most common Cutaneous malignancies (n=92, 75.4%). Basal cell carcinoma was the commonest cutaneous malignancy detected in 41.0% of patients. BCC and Cutaneous Squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) comprised 54.3% and 45.7% of all Keratinocyte carcinomas respectively. Cutaneous Melanoma was an uncommon tumour and it was detected in only 4.9% of cases. Conclusion: Keratinocyte Carcinomas account for majority of Cutaneous Malignancies. Basal cell carcinoma is the most common skin malignancy, followed by squamous cell carcinoma. The frequency of Cutaneous Melanoma is very low.References
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