Erythrodermic drug hypersensitivity reactions secondary to marijuana cigarettes
Keywords:
erythroderma, drug hypersensitivity reaction, marijuana, skin desquamationAbstract
Erythroderma or generalized exfoliative dermatitis is a skin inflammatory disorder characterized by erythema followed by generalized skin desquamation involving more than 90% of the body's skin surface area. Most erythroderma cases occur due to a secondary process. Therefore, it is mandatory to establish the etiopathology for proper management. We reported a 45-year-old Indian male who presented to the emergency department with generalized skin desquamation secondary to marijuana cigarettes. Patient showed complete remission and excellent clinical response after corticosteroid treatment. This report showed the importance of early diagnosis and prompt treatment to provide a good prognosis as well as prevent complications.References
Grant-Kels JM, Fedeles F, Rothe MJ. Exfoliative dermatitis. In: Goldsmith LA, Katz SI, Gilchrst BA, Paller AS, Leffel DJ, Wolff K, eds. Fitzpatrick‟s dermatology in general medicine. 8th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill. 2012:266-78.
Djuanda A. Eritroderma. In: Menaldi SLSW, Bramono K, Indriatmi W. eds. Ilmu Penyakit Kulit dan Kelamin. Edisi 7. Jakarta: Badan Penerbit FK UI. 2018:228-31.
César A, Cruz M, Mota A, Azevedo F. Erythroderma. A clinical and etiological study of 103 patients. J Dermatol Case Rep. 2016;10(1): 1-9.
Sehgal, VN, Srivastava G, Sardana K. Erythroderma/exfoliative dermatitis: a synopsis. Int J Dermatol. 2004;43:39-47.
Mistry N, Gupta A, Alavi A, Sibbald RG. A review of the diagnosis and management of erythroderma (generalized red skin). Adv Skin Wound Care. 2015;28(5):228-36.
Okoduwa C, Lambert WC, Schwartz RA, Kubeyinje E, Eitokpah A, Sinha S, Chen W. Erythroderma: Review of potentially life-threatening dermatosis. Indian J Dermatol. 2009;54(1):1-6.
Thomson MA, Berth-Jones J. Erythroderma and Exfoliative Dermatitis. In: J. Revuz et al; eds. Life-Threatening Dermatoses and Emergencies in Dermatology. Berlin: Springer Verlag Berlin Heidelberg; 2009:79-86.
Frank N, Hennings C, Miller JL. Drug Abuse. In: Kang S, Amagai M, Bruckner AL, Enk AH, Margolis DJ, McMichael AJ, Orringer JS, editors. Fitzpatrick’s Dermatology in General Medicine. Edisi ke-9. New York: McGraw Hill; 2019:18(101):1705-1716.
Troiani, M. Smoking vs. Eating Cannabis: The Medical and Scientific Differences and How they Affect Patient Health. Digamma LLC. 2017:1-13.
Min JY, Min KB. Marijuana use is associated with hypersensitivity to multiple allergens in US adults. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2018;182:74-77.
Williams C, Thompstone J, Wilkinson M. Work-related contact urticaria to cannabis sativa. Contact Dermatitis. 2008;58:62-3.
Van Gasse AL, Sabato V, Faber MM, Bridts CH, Ebo DG. Cannabis Allergy: More Than a Bad Trip. In: Handbook of Cannabis and Related Pathologies. Academic Press. 2017:517-26.
Ozyurt S, Muderrisoglu F, Ermete M, Afsar F. Cannabis-induced erythema multiformelike recurrent drug eruption. Int J Dermatol. 2014;53(1):e22-23.
Steinmetz-Rodriguez C, Schillinger B, Beach FL. Marijuana: An Unusual Cause of Fixed Drug Eruption. JAOCD. 2003:16-8.
Genebriera de Lamo J, Pittelkow MR, Sanchez M. Signs of Drug Abuse. In: Bolognia JL, Schaffer JV, Cerroni L, eds. Dermatology. 4th ed. US: Elsevier. 2018;89:1595-1606.
Brockow K, Przybilla B, Aberer W, Bircher AJ, Brehler R, Dickel H, et al. Guidelines for the diagnosis of drug hypersensitivity reactions. Allergo J Int. 2015;24:94-105.
Haydock S, Drug dependence. In: Clinical Pharmacology. 2019;11:139-164.
Gamboa P, Sanchez-Monge R, Sanz ML, PalacÃn A, Salcedo G, Diaz-Perales A. Sensitization to Cannabis sativa caused by a novel allergenic lipid transfer protein, Can s 3. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2007;120(6):1459-60.