Photoprotection and skin whitening effect of dietary soy milk in healthy young female adults

Authors

  • Hasnah Haron Nutritional Sciences Programme, School of Healthcare Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • Adawiyah Jamil Department of Medicine, University Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur
  • Nor Azmirawati Awang Besar Nutritional Sciences Programme, School of Healthcare Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Keywords:

soy milk, photoprotection, whitening, minimal erythema dose, ultraviolet light

Abstract

Background Topical soy formulations improve signs of aging and protects against ultraviolet light. We aimed to determine photoprotective and whitening effects of oral soy. Methods Healthy volunteers drank commercial soy milk containing 20mg isoflavones twice daily for 8 weeks, and avoided consumption of  isoflavone-rich food, sunscreen and lightening products. Phototest and skin colour measurement was performed at baseline and at the end of study. Results Thirty healthy females aged 21(19-22) years with Fitzpatrick skin type III and IV participated. Soy milk significantly increased whiteness at the cheek and gluteal regions. Minimal erythema dose (MED) to UVA increased in 60% subjects, MED to UVB increased in 87%. Significant reduction in UVB induced erythema was observed with all UVB doses, UVA induced erythema decreased with higher doses. Conclusion Short term regular consumption of soymilk showed photoprotection and skin whitening effects. 

Author Biographies

Hasnah Haron, Nutritional Sciences Programme, School of Healthcare Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Nutritional Sciences ProgrammeAssociate Professor

Adawiyah Jamil, Department of Medicine, University Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur

Department of Medicine.Associate Professor

Nor Azmirawati Awang Besar, Nutritional Sciences Programme, School of Healthcare Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Nutritional Sciences ProgrammeStudent

References

References

Sun protection. http://www.who.int/uv/sun_protection/en/ (accessed on 4 May 2018).

Reinau D, Weiss M, Meier CR et al. Outdoor workers’ sun-related knowledge, attitudes and protective behaviours: a systemic review of cross-sectional and interventional studies. Br J Dermatol. 2013;168(5): 928-940.

Reinau D, Melier C, Gerber N et al. Sun protective behavior of primary and secondary school students in North-Western Switzrland. Swiss Med Wkly 2012; 142: 135-120.

Shirley Y, Yang BS, Bernstein I et al. Photoprotective habits of cutaneous lupus erythematosus patients. J Am Acad Dermatol 2013; 68: 944-951.

Ikya J, Gernah D, Ojobo H et al. Effect of cooking temperature on some quality characteristics of soy milk. Adv J Food Sci Technol 2013; 5(5): 543-546.

Iovine, B, Iannella ML, Gasparri F et al. Synergic effect of genistein and daidzein on UVB-induced DNA damage: an effective photoprotective combination. J Biomed Biotechnol 2011: 692846.

Huang ZR, Hung CF, Lin YK et al. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of topical delivery and potential dermal use of soy isoflavones genistein and daidzein. Int J Pharm 2008; 364(1): 36-44.

Seiberg M, Paine C, Sharlow E et al. Inhibition of melanosome transfer results in skin lightening. J Invest Dermatol 2000; 115(2):162–167.

Paine C, Sharlow E, Liebel F et al. An alternative approach to depigmentation by soybean extracts via inhibition of the PAR-2 pathway. J Invest Dermatol 2001:116(4): 587–595.

Wei H, Saladi R, Lu Y et al. Isoflavone genistein: photoprotection and clinical implications in dermatology. J Nutr 2003; 133(11Suppl 1): 3811S-3819S.

Haron H. Calcium absorption and bioavailability of isoflavones from tempeh compared to milk among postmenopausal Malay women. Kuala Lumpur: Universiti Putra Malaysia, 2009.

Shahar S, Safii NS, Abdul Manaf Z et al. Atlas of Food Exchange and Portion Size. Third edition. Kuala Lumpur: MDC Publishers, 2015.

Nagata C, Takatsuka N, Kurisu Y et al. Decreased serum total cholesterol concentration is associated with high intake of soy products in Japanese men and women. J Nutr 1998; 128(2): 209-213.

Heinrich U, Neukam K, Tronnier H et al. Long-term ingestion of high flavanol cocoa provides photoprotection against UV-induced erythema and improves skin condition in women. J. Nutr 2006; 136(6): 1565–1569.

Messina M, Nagata C, Wu AH. Estimated Asian adult soy protein and isoflavone intakes. Nutrition and Cancer 2006; 55(1): 1-12.

Arai Y, Watanabe S, Kimira M et al. Dietary intakes of flavonols, flavones and isoflavones by Japanese women and the inverse correlation between quercetin intake and plasma LDL cholesterol concentration. J Nutr 2000; 130(9): 2243–2250.

Lee SA, Wen W, Xiang YB et al. Assessment of dietary isoflavone intake among middle-aged chinese men. J Nutr. 2007; 137(4): 1011–1016.

Surh J, Kim MJ, Koh E et al. Estimated intakes of isoflavones and coumestrol in Korean population. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2006; 57(5-6):325-44.

Boker LK, Van Der Schouw YT, De Kleijn MJ et al. Intake of dietary phytoestrogens by Dutch women. J Nutr 2002; 132(6): 1319-1328.

Horn-Ross PL, Lee M, John EM et al. Sources of phytoestrogen exposure among non-Asian women in California, USA. Cancer Causes Control 2000; 11(4): 299–302.

De Kleijn MJJ, Van der Schouw YT, Wilson PWF et al. Intake of dietary phytoestrogens is low in postmenopausal women in the United States: the Framnigham study. J Nutr 2001; 131(6): 1826–1832.

Chan SG, Ho SC, Kreiger N et al. Dietary sources and determinants of soy isoflavone intake among midlife Chinese women in Hong Kong. J Nutr 2007;137(11): 2451–2455.

Surh J, Kim MJ, Koh E et al. Estimated intakes of isoflavones and coumestrol in Korean population. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2006; 57(5-6):325-344.

Iovine B, Iannella ML, Gasparri F et al. A comparative analysis of the photo-protective effects of soy isoflavones in their aglycone and glucoside forms. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13(12): 16444-16456.

Moore JO, Wang Y, Stebbins WG et al. Photoprotective effect of isoflavone genistein on ultraviolet B-induced pyrimidine dimer formation and PCNA expression in human reconstituted skin and its implications in dermatology and prevention of cutaneous carcinogenesis. Carcinogenesis 2006; 27(8):1627-35.

Fisher GJ, Datta SC,Talwar HS et al. Molecular basis of sun-induced premature skin aging and retinoid antagonism. Nature 1996; 379(6563) :335-339.

Fisher GJ, Wang ZQ, Datta SC et al. Pathophysiology of premature skin aging induced by ultraviolet light. N Engl J Med 1997; 337(20):1419-1428.

Kang S, Chung JH, Lee JH et al. Topical N-acetyl cysteine and genistein prevent ultraviolet-light-induced signaling that leads to photoaging in human skin in vivo. J Invest Dermatol 2003; 120(5): 835-841.

Chang TS, Ding HY, Lin HC. Identifying 6,7,4′-trihydroxyisoflavone as a potent tyrosinase inhibitor. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2005; 69(10);1999-2001.

Izumi T, Saito M, Obata A et al. Oral intake of soy isoflavone aglycone improves the aged skin of adult women. J Nutr SciVitaminol 2007; 53(1): 57-62.

Miyazaki K, Hanamizu T, Iizuka R et al. Bifidobacterium-fermented soy milk extract stimulates hyaluronic acid production in human skin cells and hairless mouse skin. Skin Pharmacol Appl Skin Physiol 2003; 16(2): 108-116.

Kim SY, Kim SJ, Lee JY et al. Protective Effects of dietary soy isoflavones against UV-induced skin-aging in hairless mouse model. J Am Coll Nutr 2004; 23(2): 157-162.

Downloads

Published

2020-10-01

How to Cite

1.
Haron H, Jamil A, Awang Besar NA. Photoprotection and skin whitening effect of dietary soy milk in healthy young female adults. J Pak Assoc Dermatol [Internet]. 2020Oct.1 [cited 2025Jan.20];30(3):412-7. Available from: https://jpad.com.pk/index.php/jpad/article/view/1468

Issue

Section

Original Articles