Combined intralesional and intramuscular sodium stibogluconate appears more effective in the treatment of localized cutaneous leishmaniasis lesions: An experimental study
Keywords:
Localized cutaneous leishmaniasis, Intralesional SSG, Combined Intralesional intramuscular SSGAbstract
Background Intralesional sodium stibogluconate (SSG) is now the preferred therapy for Localized Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (LCL). The objective of this study was to analyse the effectiveness of intralesional SSG alone with intralesional SSG combined with intramuscular SSG. Methods This randomized controlled intervention study was conducted at the department of Dermatology, King Khalid Hospital in Najran, Saudi Arabia. A total of 40 patients with LCL were assigned randomly to Group-1 (n=20) or Group-2 (n=20). Patients in Group-1 were given a total of three intralesional SSG injections on alternate days; Patients in Group-2 were given a total of three injections of intralesional SSG on the same regimen as Group-1 with simultaneous intramuscular injections. The total dose given to patients in Group-2 was the same as that given to patients in Group-1 (15-20 mg/ Kg/ day). Five treatment cycles were carried out through monthly follow-up visits during the subsequent five months to assess the treatment outcome in both groups. Results The patients in Group-2 showed overall better improvement than that of the patients in Group-1 across all treatment cycles. Almost all lesions (plaque, multiple and mucosal) were cured after one to two treatment cycles in Group-2, patients in Group-1 with similar lesions required two or more cycles to achieve similar results. The scarring after healing among the patients in Group-2 was more even and cosmetically better than that observed among the patients in Group-1. Conclusion A regimen of intralesional and intramuscular SSG showed more efficacy than intralesional SSG alone to treat LCL.References
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