A clinico-epidemiological study and quality of life assessment in melasma at a tertiary care centre in South India

Authors

  • Kannan Gopalan Professor, Department of Skin & STD, Vinayaka Mission’s Kirupanandha Variyar Medical College & Hospital, Vinayaka Mission’s Research Foundation (Deemed to be University), Salem, Tamilnadu, India
  • Indhumathi Gunasegaran Postgraduate student, Department of Skin & STD, Vinayaka Mission’s Kirupanandha Variyar Medical College & Hospital, Vinayaka Mission’s Research Foundation (Deemed to be University), Salem, Tamilnadu, India
  • Attar Aliya Anjum Department of Skin & STD, Vinayaka Mission’s Kirupanandha Variyar Medical College & Hospital, Vinayaka Mission’s Research Foundation (Deemed to be University), Salem, Tamilnadu, India
  • Seethalakshmi Ganga vellaisamy Assistant Professor, Department of Skin & STD, Vinayaka Mission’s Kirupanandha Variyar Medical College & Hospital, Vinayaka Mission’s Research Foundation (Deemed to be University), Salem, Tamilnadu, India
  • Navakumar Manickam Associate Professor, Department of Skin & STD, Vinayaka Mission’s Kirupanandha Variyar Medical College & Hospital, Vinayaka Mission’s Research Foundation (Deemed to be University), Salem, Tamilnadu, India

Keywords:

Melasma, Epidemiology, Melasma area severity index, Melasma quality of life.

Abstract

Introduction: Melasma is an acquired pigmentary dermatoses, prevalent all over the world and fairly common in Indians. Its not a fatal disease but it has a considerable influence on quality of life (QOL), which remains under-evaluated.   Objective To study the clinico-epidemiological features and the effect of melasma on the QOL of patients in a tertiary care hospital.   Methods Hundred patients with melasma was studied and the Quality of life was determined by  melasma quality of life (MELASQOL) questionnaire.   Results Mean age of the study population was 41.8±7.1 years. Regarding MASI (melasma area severity index), 85 % had a score of 0-5, followed by 13% who had a MASI score of 6-10. The mean value of MASI is 3.563±2.7. In this study, 30% had a MELASQOL score of 10-20, 47% had a score of 21-30, 10% had a score of 31-40, 26% between 41-50, 6% had a score of 51-60, and 1% showed a score of 61-70. The mean value of the MELASQOL score is 30.86. There was no statistically significant association between MelasQoL and sex, education, marital status, duration of melasma, pattern of melasma, and severity of melasma.   Conclusion Negative effect of melasma on the quality of life is not captured by MASI. Therefore, QOL should be assessed, and treatment should be planned by taking in to account the psychosocial and emotional stress.  

References

Rodrigues M, Pandya AG. Melasma: clinical diagnosis and management options. Australas J Dermatol. 2015;56(3):151-63.

Michelle Rodrigues, Amit G. Pandya. Hypermelanoses. In: SewonKang, editor. Fitzpatrick’s Dermatology, 9thed. New York:McGraw–Hill Education; 2019. p.1380.

Goh CL, Dlova CN. A retrospective study on the clinical presentation and treatment outcome of melasma in a tertiary dermatological referral center in Singapore. Singapore Med J. 1999;40:455-8.

Kimbrough-Green CK, Griffiths CE, Finkel LJ, Hamilton TA, Bulengo-Ransby SM, Ellis CN, et al. Topical retinoic acid (tretinoin) for melasma in black patients. A vehicle-controlled clinical trial. Arch Dermatol. 1994;130:727-33.

Pandya AG, Hynan LS, Bhore R, Riley FC, Guevara IL, Grimes P, et al. Reliability assessment and validation of the Melasma Area and Severity Index (MASI) and a new modified MASI scoring method. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2011;64:78-83.

Balkrishnan R, McMichael AJ, Camacho FT, Saltzberg F, Housman TS, Grummer S, et al. Development and validation of a health-related quality of life instrument for women with melasma. Br J Dermatol. 2003;149:572-75.

Önder S, Demircan YT, Aksaç SE, Ozturk M, Etgü F. Examining the effects of melasma on women’s quality of life: A study from eastern black sea region of Turkey. Turk J Dermatol. 2021;15:55-60.

Ortonne JP, Arellano I, Berneburg M, Cestari T, Chan H, Grimes P, et al. A global survey of the role of ultraviolet radiation and hormonal influences in the development of melasma. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2009;23:1254-62.

Jusuf NK, Putra IB, Mahdalena M. Is There a Correlation between Severity of Melasma and Quality of Life? Open Access Maced Med Sci. 2019;7(16):2615-18.

Arora P, Meena N, Sharma PK, Raihan M. Impact of melasma on quality of life in Indian patients. Pigment Int. 2017;4:92-7.

Krupa Shankar DS, Somani VK, Kohli M, Sharad J, Ganjoo A, Kandhari S, et al. A cross-sectional, multicentric clinico-epidemiological study of melasma in India. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). 2014;4:71-81.

Achar A, Rathi SK. Melasma: a clinico-epidemiological study of 312 cases. Indian J Dermatol. 2011;56:380-2.

Yalamanchili R, Shastry V, Betkerur J. Clinico-epidemiological study and quality of life assessment in melasma. Indian J Dermatol. 2015;60:519.

Jagannathan M, Sadagopan K, Ekkarakudy J, Anandan H. Clinico-epidemiological study of patients with melasma in a tertiary care hospital – A prospective study. Int J Sci Stud. 2017;4:117-20.

Dogramaci AC, Havlucu DY, Inandi T, Balkrishnan R. Validation of a melasma quality of life questionnaire for the Turkish language: the MelasQoL-TR study. J Dermatol Treat. 2009;20(2):95–9.

Anderson L, Rodrigues M. Quality of life in a cohort of melasma patients in Australia. Australas J Dermatol. 2019;60:160-2.

Sarkar R, Jagadeesan S, Basavapura Madegowda S, Verma S, Hassan I, Bhat Y, et al. Clinical and epidemiologic features of melasma: A multicentric cross-sectional study from India. Int J Dermatol. 2019;58:1305-10.

Tamegade A, Miot LDB, Bonfietti C, Gige TC, Marques MEA, Miot HA. Clinical patterns and epidemiological characteristics of facial melasma in Brazilian women. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2013;27:151–6.

Sanchez MR. Cutaneous diseases in Latinos. Dermatol Clin. 2003; 21:689 97.

Johnston GA, Sviland L, McLelland J. Melasma of the arms associated with hormone replacement therapy. Br J Dermatol. 1988;139:932.

Grimes PE. Melasma : Etiologic and therapeutic considerations. Arch Dermtol. 1995;131:1453-7.

Kalla G, Garg A, Kachhawa D. Chemical peeling–Glycolic acid versus trichloroacetic acid in melasma. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2001;67:82-4.

Handel AC, Lima PB, Tonolli VM, Miot LD, Miot HA. Risk factors for facial melasma in women: A case control study. Br J Dermatol. 2014;171:588-94.

Bhattarai S, Pradhan K, Sharma S, Rajouria EA. Clinical patterns and epidemiological characteristics of melasma in a tertiary care hospital of Nepal. Pigment Int. 2017;4:35-8.

Wu S, Shi H, Wu H, Yan S, Guo J, Sun Y, et al. Treatment of melasma with oral administration of tranexamic acid. Aesthetic Plas Surg. 2012;36:964–70.

Resnik S. Melasma induced by oral contraceptive drugs. J Am Med Assoc. 1967;199:601-5.

Sacre RC, Fernandes NC, Vaisman M, Tendrich M. Melasma idiopático: Avaliação das funções tireoidiana, prolactínica e gonadal feminina. An Bras Dermatol. 1996;71:195-8.

28. Duarte I, Campos Lage AC. Frequency of dermatoses associated with cosmetics. Contact Dermatitis. 2007;56:211-3.

Wolf R, Wolf D, Tamir A, Politi Y. Melasma: A mask of stress. Br J Dermatol. 1991;125:192-3.

Guinot C, Cheffai S, Latreille J, Dhaoui MA, Youssef S, Jaber K, et al. Aggravating factors for melasma: A prospective study in 197 Tunisian patients. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2010;24:1060-9.

Vachiramon V, Suchonwanit P, Thadanipon K. Melasma in men. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2012;11:151-7.

Sardesai VR, Kolte JN, Srinivas BN. A clinical study of melasma and a comparison of the therapeutic effect of certain currently available topical modalities for its treatment. Indian J Dermatol. 2013;58:239.

Misery L, Schmitt AM, Boussetta S, Rahhali N, Taieb C. Melasma: measure of the impact on quality of life using the French version of MELASQOL after cross-cultural adaptation. Acta Derm Venereol. 2010;90(3):331-2.

Purim KS, Avelar MF. Photoprotection, melasma and quality of life in pregnant women. Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2012;34:228-34.

Sarkar R, Garg S, Dominguez A, Balkrishnan R, Jain RK, Pandya AG. Development and validation of a Hindi language health-related quality of life questionnaire for melasma in Indian patients. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2016;82:16-22.

Ikino JK, Nunes DH, Silva VP, Fröde TS, Sens MM. Melasma and assessment of the quality of life in Brazilian women. An Bras Dermatol. 2015;90:196-200.

Freitag FM, Cestari TF, Leopoldo LR, Paludo P, Boza JC. Effect of melasma on quality of life in a sample of women living in southern Brazil. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2008;22:655–62.

Cestari TF, Hexsel D, Viegas ML, Azulay L, Hassun K, Almeida AR, et al. Validation of a melasma quality of life questionnaire for Brazilian Portuguese language: The MelasQoL-BP study and improvement of QoL of melasma patients after triple combination therapy. Br J Dermatol. 2006;156 Suppl 1:13-20.

Dominguez AR, Balkrishnan R, Ellzey AR, Pandya AG. Melasma in Latina patients: crosscultural adaptation and validation of a quality-of-life questionnaire in Spanish language. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006;55(1):59-66.

Aghaei S, Moradi A, Mazharinia N, Abbasfard Z. The Melasma Quality of Life scale (MELASQOL) in Iranian patients: A reliability and validity study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2005;19 Suppl 2:39.

Harumi O, Goh CL. The effect of melasma on the quality of life in a sample of women living in Singapore. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2016;9:21-4.

Downloads

Published

2024-10-11

How to Cite

1.
Gopalan K, Gunasegaran I, Anjum AA, Ganga vellaisamy S, Manickam N. A clinico-epidemiological study and quality of life assessment in melasma at a tertiary care centre in South India. J Pak Assoc Dermatol [Internet]. 2024Oct.11 [cited 2025Apr.20];34(4):985-9. Available from: http://jpad.com.pk/index.php/jpad/article/view/2771

Issue

Vol. 34 No. 4 (2024): October-December

Section

Original Articles

Most read articles by the same author(s)

1 2 > >>