Prevalence of oral manifestations among HIV patients – A cross sectional study
Keywords:
Aphthous ulcer, CD4 count, HIV/AIDS, Oral candidiasisAbstract
Introduction Oral manifestations can occur in 80% of patients infected with HIV. It causes significant morbidity and also provide diagnostic clues to the underlying immunocompromised status. Objective The present study was conducted to determine the prevalence of oral manifestations in HIV infected patients and to correlate those manifestations to the degree of cellular immune deficiency. Material & Methods This was a cross sectional study conducted in Out patient department of SKIN & STD between September 2016 and March 2018. A total of 192 HIV patients between 18- 70 years of age were included in the study. Oral lesions were diagnosed clinically, according to the presumptive diagnostic criteria established by the European Community Clearinghouse on oral problems related to HIV infection in August 1990 and September 1992. Data were coded and analyzed. Results The prevalence of oral manifestations in our study was 49.0%. More commonly seen in the age group of 40-45 years (34%) and males were more commonly affected (56%). Pseudomembranous candidiasis (28.6%) was the most common oral manifestation in our study followed by Aphthous ulcer (16.14%), linear gingival erythema (13.2%) and Oral hairy leukoplakia (10.4%). It was observed that more number of patients having oral manifestations had a CD4+ count of less than 200 cells/ mm3. Conclusion  Oral manifestations are highly predictive markers of severe immune deterioration and disease progression. Oral examinations are an essential component for early recognition of disease progression and comprehensive evaluation of HIV infected patients.ÂReferences
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